Desflurane Dosage

Applies to the following strengths: 100%

Usual Adult Dose for Anesthesia

The administration of general anesthesia should be individualized based on patient response.

Inhalation: The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), the concentration at which 50% of patients do not respond to surgical incision, ranges from 7.3% (25 years of age) to 6% (45 years of age). The concentration at which amnesia and loss of awareness occur (MAC - awake) is 2.4%. Surgical levels of anesthesia are achieved with concentrations between 2.5% and 8.5% with or without concomitant use of nitrous oxide.

Uses:

For induction of anesthesia for inpatient and outpatient surgery.
For maintenance of anesthesia for inpatient and outpatient surgery.

Usual Geriatric Dose for Anesthesia

The administration of general anesthesia should be individualized based on patient response.

MAC is reduced (5.2% at 70 years of age). The concentration at which amnesia and loss of awareness occur (MAC - awake) is 2.4%. Surgical levels of anesthesia are achieved with concentrations between 2.5% and 8.5% with or without concomitant use of nitrous oxide.

Uses:

For induction of anesthesia for inpatient and outpatient surgery.
For maintenance of anesthesia for inpatient and outpatient surgery.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Anesthesia

The administration of general anesthesia should be individualized based on patient response.

Surgical levels of anesthesia range from 5.2% to 10% with or without concomitant use of nitrous oxide.

Comments:

This drug is not approved for maintenance of anesthesia in non-intubated children due to an increased incidence of respiratory adverse reactions, including coughing, laryngospasm, and secretions.

Use: For maintenance of anesthesia in infants and children after induction of anesthesia with agents and tracheal intubation

Renal Dose Adjustments

No adjustment recommended.

Liver Dose Adjustments

No adjustment recommended.

Dose Adjustments

In patients with intracranial space occupying lesions this drug should be administered at 0.8 MAC or less, in conjunction with a barbiturate induction and hyperventilation (hypocapnia). Appropriate measures should be taken to maintain cerebral perfusion pressure.

Precautions

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

Hypersensitivity to the active component or any of the ingredients
Sensitivity to halogenated agents
In patients in whom general anesthesia is contraindicated
Susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia
Moderate or severe hepatic dysfunction following anesthesia
Induction of anesthesia in pediatric patients (because of a high incidence of moderate to severe upper airway adverse events)

Consult WARNINGS section for additional precautions.

Dialysis

Data not available

Other Comments

OTHER COMMENTS:
Administration advice:

This drug is administered by inhalation.
The administration of general anesthesia should be individualized based on patient response, including cardiovascular and pulmonary changes.
This drug should not be used as the sole agent for anesthetic induction in patients with coronary artery disease or where increases in heart rate or blood pressure are undesirable.
Administration of general anesthesia should be individualized based on patient response.
Hypotension and respiratory depression increase as anesthesia is deepened.
The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of this drug decreases with increasing patient age. The MAC is also reduced by concomitant N2O administration. The dose should be adjusted accordingly.
Benzodiazepines and opioids decrease the MAC of this drug.
This drug decreases the doses of neuromuscular blocking agents required. The dose should be adjusted accordingly.
Blood pressure and heart rate should be monitored during maintenance of anesthesia as part of the evaluation of depth of anesthesia.
If added relaxation is required, supplemental doses of muscle relaxants may be used.

Storage requirements:

Store at room temperature 15C to 3°C (59F to 86F). Replace cap after each use.

General:

Only persons trained in the administration of general anesthesia should administer this drug.
Only a vaporizer specifically designed and designated for use with this drug should be used for its administration.
Facilities for maintenance of a patent airway, artificial ventilation, oxygen enrichment, and circulatory resuscitation should be immediately available.